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BREED STANDARD Alano Español Other name: También llamado, Chato de Presa, Chato Salmantino, Perro de Toro, Perro de Presa Español, Dogo de Burgos, Mastín de Jabalines, Alano de Carnicero, Mastín de Pelo Corto. Country/region of origin: Spain. Date of origin: 5th century ? Present situation: Under recovery.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION:
Long molosser of a straight profile,
rustic and well proportioned. Mainly functional animal showing a
runner's structure with a great agility, speed and resistance on the
run, his movements are elastic and recall those of felines. His head
is brachycephallic, of square shape, with a wide and strong cranium
and a very well marked stop. The muzzle is short, wide and deep. His
bite is very strong and firm. Temperamentally serious and very well
balanced.
ORIGINS:
Original to the Iberian Peninsula,
references of its existence are known from the Fourteenth Century.
Probably a descendant from the molossers brought into Spain by the
barbarian invaders at the time of the fall of the Roman Empire.
TEMPERAMENT AND FUNCTIONALITY:
Traditionally, the Spanish Alano has been used in three basic
functions:
1)
Bovine cattle
management
2)
Big game hunting
3)
Guard and defense
In all of these disciplines, the
Spanish Alano counts on his most notorious characteristic, its
strong bite. The mouth gripping of the Spanish Alano is known and
admired since the ancient times. The Spanish Alano bites with the
whole mouth, even with its molars. Its bite is fixed very firmly and
it is hold for a long period of time. The temperament is very
serious and self secure, watching the strangers. The mouth gripping
in wild or half wild animals is focused into selected areas, like
ears, neck and snout (the snout, specially when hunting). His
psychological development is slow, not reaching maturity until the
two years of age. Until that age the dog can show himself insecure
and it is not advisable to force his temperament. When maturity is
reached, he won't be afraid of anything, reacting with self security
if menaced. With his master, he is submissive and receptive to
learn. His distrust towards the stranger makes him an excellent dog
of guard and defense, psychologically very stable and tranquil.
MORPHOLOGY: HEIGHT AND
WEIGHT: Male 58-63 cm 30-40
kg Female 55-60 cm 25-35 kg. Note: there
should be balance between height and weight; a 2 cm difference is
tolerated under the minimum height. An outstanding example of
the head
HEAD:
Brachycephallic constitution, cubical shape, large and powerful not
reaching the point where it looks massive. Cranium/face ratio of
63/37. Its skin should be straight, not wrinkly , except for the
wrinkles formed in between the ears when the dog is alert.
CRANIUM:
Of a convex profile, flat between the ears, wide and strong, with
prominent and rounded frontal sinuses. It shows a depression between
the eyes which follows thru half way over the cranium. Very well
marked stop. Temporal muscles very well developed, the occipital
crest is unseen due to the great muscular development, well
developed jaw muscles, but never exaggeratedly developed. Prominent
zigomatical arches. The cranium-facial lines must run parallel to
each other, being a very slight convergence allowed, although this
is not desirable. They must never diverge.
MUZZLE:
Shorter than the cranium, looking square, very wide and deep, it
normally represents 37% of the total length of the head, a shorter
muzzle is allowed as long as it is not under a 35% of the total
length of the head. It must not show any wrinkles nor folds.
DEWLAPS:
Moderately thick, the upper dewlap hangs slightly and covers the
lower one, the former being practically unseen when the mouth is
closed. Pigmentation must always be black.
EYES:
Of a medium size, separated between each other, rounded. They are
light brown, amber or yellow, depending on the coat coloration. Eye
lids are adhered to the eyes and they are remarkably pigmented in
black. The serious expression and the penetrating look is
characteristic in the breed, individuals with a sweet and
melancholic look not being desirable.
EARS:
Of a medium insertion, very separated between each other, normally
cropped from their base. When cropped, they are slightly rounded and
pointy, small in size. When not cropped they are folded over the
face and medium in size.
MAXILLARIES:
Well developed. Strong and healthy dentition, the incisive teeth
must be large and correctly aligned, canine teeth must be short and
wide, very separated from each other. The ideal bite is the so
called inverted scissors bite, the external face of the upper,
incisive teeth touch the internal face of the lower incisive teeth.
The chin is wide and strong, easily seeable when looking frontward,
it must not be ingoing nor outgoing.
NOSTRIL:
Very large, wide, with well opened nasal orifices. Always pigmented
in black.
NECK:
Very strong, of a cylindrical structure, relatively short and wide.
The skin, somewhat looser than in the rest of the body, forms a
slight double chin that will never become exaggerated.
TRUNK:
Normally, its length outgoes the height at the withers by a 10% or a
12%.
BACKBONE LINE:
Straight or slightly ascending, never descending.
WITHERS:
Defined, of a medium insertion, in a descending line towards the
backbone. Wide, long and strongly muscled.
UPPER BODY:
Straight, muscled. The lumbar area must be relatively long, wide and
of a strong musculature.
BACK END:
Wide, strong and slightly fallen.
TAIL:
Of a medium insertion, thick in its base it thins out progressively
until its end. Its length goes until the hocks. In action it is
carried up with arching it slightly towards the back not becoming
rolled in. The hair can be some more dense than in the rest of the
body, not forming fringes.
The correct body style in
length, height , topline and ratios
THORAX:
Ribs area is arched out, not cylindrical, looking at it sideways the
chest reaches the elbows. The thoracic perimeter is approximately
the same as the height at the withers plus a 25% more than the
former. The chest is medium in width, deep, very muscled. The
internal chest width, between the front legs' insertion, is
equivalent to a 28% or a 30% of the height at the withers.
LOWER PROFILE LINE:
Looking at it sideways, the thorax presents a line that, gradually,
ascends towards the abdomen. The belly must retract inwards, but
never become like that of a Greyhound's.
BACK:
Long, wide and oblique. It is provided of a strong musculature. The
scapular humeral angle is of about 100 degrees
EXTREMITIES:
BACK:
Long, straight and well standing upright, whether looked at
frontward or sideward. Well developed, strong bones.
ARM:
Hummer is long and strong, provided of a well developed musculature.
It must be parallel to the half plane of the body.
ELBOW:
Parallel to the half plane of the
body, it is not too side by side to the thorax.
UPPER ARM:
Long, straight, when looking a t it from the from or from the side.
Of strong bone and accented musculature.
CARPUS:
Short and strong.
METACARPUS:
Long and strong, its average perimeter is 13 cm in males and 12 cm
in females. It must be somewhat angled, never vertical.
PAWS:
Large, with strong and think cushions, toes are arched and firm not
becoming "cat feet". Nails arre short and strong.
FRONT FEET:
Strong, with an elongated and well developed musculature, but not
reaching the point where it looks exaggerated. Reaching solidly, and
well angled, the ground.
LAP:
Long, of a well defined musculature.
LEG:
Long, of strong bone and muscle structure. Strong, well visible
tendons.
HOCKS:
High, its average height equals a 29% or a 30% of the height at the
withers. The tibial tarsical Alto, su altura media equivale a un 29
ó 30% de la alzada a la cruz. The tibio-tarsical angle is about 130
degrees.
METATARSUS:
Long and strong, landing perfectly straight on the ground, slightly
thinner than the metacarpus. Without dewclaws.
BACK FEET:
Of a similar conformance to the front feet but a bit smaller.
MOVEMENT:
WALKING:
When walking it carries the weight over the head and shoulders
giving a feline cadence impression. The head is carried low.
TROTTING:
Ample and long, of a similar conformance to its walk
GALLOPING:
Fast and elastic with large trunk extensions and flexions. Very fast
and resistant.
SKIN.COLOR.HAIR.:
SKIN:
Thick, adhered to the both but somewhat elastic, being looser in the
neck and the head.
HAIR:
Short and abundant, somewhat thick, without an undercoat.
COLOR: Brindled
in all the different variances. With or without a black mask.
Fawn in all the different variances, from sand to red, "carbonado"
(the tip of the hairs is carbon like giving an overall different
aspect to the coat) being possible in all these color variances.
With or without a black mask. Black and brindle, which is the
same type of coloring distribution as a black and tan colored breed
(like Dobermans or Rottweillers are) but in the specially different
case of the Spanish Alano, the tan markings are, in this case,
brindled. All coats could be stained in white, in the extremities,
chest and neck. However it is desirable that there is the least
presence of white as possible.
excellent
examples of a black and brindle and carbonado coloured Alanos
DEFECTS:
In general, any characteristic that is different from the previously
defined ones, being its weight directly proportional to the level of
deviation from this Standard.
Standard supplied by
Asociación Nacional de Criadores del
Alano Español (ANCAE)
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EVENTS MEMBERSHIP TITLED DOGS
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Copy right protected of Canadian Spanish Alano Club 2004-2005 |
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